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ed'gef; etz [m 2008 ckeSpfarvxJrSm jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyJG usif;yjyD; ol a&;qGJ jyifqif xm;wJh zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk twnfjyKawmhr,fvdk huBmod a}ujimvdkufygw,f? tJ'D twGuf jynfwGif;rSma&m edkifiHwumrSmyg vSKyfvSKyf&Sm;&Sm;eJ har;}u/ jref;}u/ avhvm aqG; aEG;}u/ jyif}uqif}u jzpfvmygw,f? jynfvHk;uGswfvlxk qücH,lyGJusif;yawmhr,f vdk ha}ujimvdkufwm[m bmoabmaqmifyg ovJ? (1) jyoemawGudk pg;yGJ0dkif;ay:rSm awG hqHkaqG;aEG;ajz&Sif;ygvdk hjynfwGif; vlxkeJ hukvor~ tygt0if edkifiHwum &J ztm;ay; awmif;qdk hd aewmawGudk enf;enf; rS trSKrxm;bJ ol cif;xm;wJhvrf;jy ajryHk ckeSpfcsuftwdkif;udkbJ ol hvrf;ol avSsmufawmhr,fvdk hajAmif a}u jim vdkufwmjzpfygw,f? 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'gayr,fh jynfvHk;uGswfvlxkqü cH,lyGJawGeJ hywfoufjyD; vufvSrf;rSDorSswdkif;jynfawG&J htawG ht}uHKawGudk avhvm/ okaw oDawG&J hpkaqmif;xm;rSKawGudk rSDjirf;/ Oya'ynm&Sif wcsdL hqDu t}uHjyKcsuf awGudk &,lpk aqmif;jyD; jrefrmh&HyHkaiG tzGJ hu rqkwfepfwJh tm;xkwfrSK eJ hjyKpkxm;ygw,f? a0bef t}uHay; axmufjyvdkolrsm; &SdvSsif }udKqdkyga}umif;/ tm;enf;csufrsm;&SdvSsif cGifhv$wfapvdka}umif; eJ h jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqü cH,lyGJawG eJ hywfoufjyD; ydkrdkjynfhpHkwJ h A[kokwrsm;udk qufvuf pk aqmif; jzef ha0oGm;&ef OD;wnfyga}umif; owif;aumif; yg;&if; vlxk vuf0,fta&muf ydk haqmifay;vdkufygw,f? 2 jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyGJ rdwfquf jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyGJ qdkwmbmvJ? wdkif;jynftwGuf vGefpGmta&;}uD;wJhudpP&yfawGeJ hywfoufvdk hwjynfvHk;rSm&SdwJh vlxkawGqDu oabmxm; qüudk &,ljyD; qHk;jzwfaqmif&Gufwm jzpfygw,f? 'Drdkua&pDudk wdkuf&kduf usifhoHk;wmvdk howfrSwf}uw,f? jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyGJ ta}umif; bma}umifh avhvmbdk hvdkovJ? (u) 'Drdkua&pD tajccHudk jznfhqnf;bdk h? 'Drdkua&pDudk toGifeSpfrsdL;eJ hvufawG husifhoHk;ygw,f? udk,fpg;jyK'Drdkua&pD eJ hwdkuf&dkuf 'Drdkua&pDwdk hygbJ? vGwfvyf/ w&m;rSswwJh/ jynfvHk;uGswf taxGaxG a&G;aumufyGJawGuae vlxk&J h a&G;cs,fwifajrSmuf jcif; cH&wJh udk,fpg;vS,fawGu jynfolvlxkudk jyefvnftkyfcsKyfoGm;wJhpepfudk udk,fpg;jyK 'Drdkua&pDvdk hac:ygw,f? b,fol hudkrSs a&G;cs,fwifajrSmufjcif;/ odk hr[kwf ukd,fpg;vS,ftjzpf cef htyfapv$wfjcif;r&SdbJ/ rJay;ydkifcGifh &SdwJh vlxkawGu rdrdwdk h&J ha&;&mudpPawGudk rdrdwdk hudk,fwdkifyg0if qHk;jzwf vkyfudkifwmudk wdkuf&dkuf 'Drdkua&pD vdk hac:ygw,f? 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(c) etz &J hzGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya' twnfjyKa&; }udK;yrf;wJh vkyfief;pOfudk wkef hjyefedkifbdk h? etz [m ppftm%m&Sifpepf a&&Snfwnfwef hcdkifjrJa&;tajccHuae toifhjyifqifa&;qGJxm;wJh zGJ hpnf;yHk tajccHOya'udk wenf;enf;eJ hrjzpfraetwnfjyKjyD; usifhoHk;oGm;bdk h}udK;pg;rSm aocsmoavmufygbJ? twnfjyKedkifwJhenf; oHk;enf; &Sdygw,f? (1) w&m;0ifv$wfawmfw&yf&yfuae twnfjyKbdk h? (2) vlxk axmufcHyGJawGusif;yjyD; twnfjyKbdk h? (3) jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqENcH,lyGJusif;yjyD; twnfjyKbdk h? w&m;0ifv$wfawmfw&yf&yfuae twnfjyKr,fqdk&if 1990 arv a&G;aumufyGJrSm a&G;cs,fwifajrSmufjcif;cH xm;&wJh udk,fpg;vS,fawGeJ hzGJ hpnf;r,fh v$wfawmfbJ teD;pyfqHk;&Sdygvdrfhr,f? edkifiHa&;t& aqG;aEG;yGJawG bmwckrS taumiftxnfraz:bJ etz taeeJ h ol a&;xm;wJh zGJ hpnf;yHk tajccHOya'udk tJ'Dv$wfawmfrSm wifoGif;jyD; twnfjyKbdk hqdkwm vHk;0 rjzpfedkifavmufatmifudk cJ,Of;ygw,f? etz[m ol h&J htpdk;&,œ,m;rSm toHk;jyKaewJh 0efxrf;awGeJ h }uH hzGH htygt0if ol zGJ hpnf;wnfaxmifxm; wJh vlxktoif;tzGJ htwkawG udk toHk;csjyD; zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'axmufcHyGJqdkwmawG vkyfaqmifoGm;edkifyg w,f? vuf&Sdvnf; vkyfwJh tydkif;awGrSm vkkyfaewmygb? 'gayr,fh tJovdk vkyfjyD; zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk J twnfjyK usifhoHk;oGm;r,f qdk&if edkifiHwum&J htodtrSwfjyKrSK&,lbdk hcJ,Of;ygvdrfhr,f? 'D enf;wckxJudk a&G; bdk hvJ odwfawmhrvG,fvSyg? jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqENcH,lyGJusif;ywJ henf;eJ h1974 ckeSpf zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk rqv acwfrSm twnfjyK usifhoHk;cJhovdk tckvJ wausmhjyefusifhoHk; bdk h}udK;yrf;vmygw,f? tJonfwHk;u rqv taeeJ hatmifjrifpGm vkyfaqmifedkifcJhwJh tajccH ta}umif;tcsdK h&Sdw,f? (1) 'kwd,urBmppfrwdkifcifrSma&m/ ppftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;}udK;yrf;cJhpOftwGif;rSmyg qdk&S,fvpfpepf tay:xm;&SdcJhwJh vlxku wpHkw&m ajrSmfrSef;csufxm;&SdcJhw,f? 1962 ckeSpf upvdk hAdkvfcsKyf}uD; ae0if;OD;aqmifwJh ppfwyfu tm%modrf;tjyD;aemufydkif; jrefrmhqdk&S,fvpfvrf;pOfygwD wnf axmifcJhwJhtpOD;ydkif;umvrSm vlxk&J htm&Hkudk tawmfrsm;rsm; qGJaqmifedkifcJhw,fvdk hajym& rSmjzpfw,f? tusdL;quftaeeJ h h1974 ckepf zGJ pnf;yHtajccHOya'udk qdk&S,fvpfpepftay: Sh k tajccHwJh zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya' tjzpf odwfjyD; apg'u rwufbJ vufcHcJh}uolawGvJ tawmfrsm;rsm; &SdcJhw,f? 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(3) tqdk;qHk; tcsufuawmh ppftkyfpk xdyfoD;awG[m “jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyGJ” qdkwJh qdkif;bkwfatmufuaejyD; wjynfvHk;udkomru wurBmvHk;udk yg ydyd&d&d eJ hvdrfekdifcJhwm jzpfw,f? 1973 ckeSpfrsm; w0dkuftxdumvrSm edkifiHwumeJ hqufoG,fqufpyfedkifrSK rsm;pGmtm;enf;cJh/ vlxudk,fwdkifuvnf; qENcH,lyGJtawG ht}uHKr&Sd/ b,fvdkwkef hjyef&rSef;rod/ k ppfacgif;aqmifawG[m rqv ygwD ,EW,m;udk pepfwustoHk;csedkifcJhwJh tcgrSm 93% ausmf u axmufcHygw,fvdk hausnmjyD; 1974 zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk twnfjyKedkifcJhw,f? tckvJ aemufw}udrf 'Denf;udkbJ toHk;csbdk hjyifqifvmjyefygjyD? ordkif;udk wywfjyefjyD;vnfatmif vkyfbdk h}udK;pg;w,fvdk hbJajym&ygvrr,f? 2008 ckeprm jyXmef;vduwJh jynfvHk;uGswfqENcH,lyJG d hf SfS kf qdkif&m Oya'[mvnf; 1973 ckeSpfwHk;u Oya'eJ htm;vHk;eD;yg; wlnDaewmudk awG h&ygw,f? 2010 ckeSpfrSm a&G;aumufyGJusif;yr,fvdk hausnmxm;wJh twGufvnf; 2008 ckeSpf jynfvHk;uGswfqENcH,l yGJrSm etz[m ol h&J hzJG hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk rjzpfjzpfatmifudk twnfjyKr,fh oabmjzpfygw,f? 'Dvdk wu,fbJ jzpfvmOD;rSmygvm;? 'Duae hacwfumvrSm vGefcJhwJh eSpfaygif; 35 eSpfueJ hrwlwJh tajctaeawGawmh &Sdvmaeygw,f? (1) 1973 ckeSpfwHk;u qdk&S,fvpfpepftay:xm;&SdcJhwJh ajrSmfrSef;csufrsdL;eJ ediia&;t& vlxk&J h kfH axmufcHrSKrsdL; wpHkw&m&&Sdbdk hrjzpfedkifawmhbl;? (2) owif;acwfvdk hajym&r,fh umv}uD;rSm jynfwGif;rSm aexdkifae}uwJh vlxkudk,fwdkifrSmvnf; wpHkw&m acwfrSDenf;pepfawGudk oHk;jyD; jyifyurBmudk owif;a&mufatmifjyefydk hedkifpGrf;awG wdk;wufvmwmudk awG h&w,f? (3) edkif;,SOfcsuft& ajym&r,fqdk&if 1973 ckeSpfwHk;ueJ hpg&if uae humvrSmawmh zGJ hpnf;yHk tajccHOya'qdkif&m todtjrifawG vlxkqDrSm wpHkw&mawmh &SdvmaejyDvdk hajym&ayvdrfh r,f? (4) 1973 ckeSpfwHk;u vlxkqENcH,lyJudk }uD;}uyfOD;aqmifoGm;edkifwJh rqv ygwD &SaecJhw,f? ,ck G d vnf; tvm;wl jynfaxmifpk }uHhcdkifa&;eJ hzGH hjzdK;a&;toif; &Sdaew,f qdkayr,fh wu,fhvuf awG htaumiftxnfaz:wJhae&mrSm }uH hzGH h[m rqvygwDvdk w&m;0ifOD;aqmifcGifh r&edkifbl;? edkifiHa&; t&Sdeft0g }oZmr&Sdbl;? (5) wcsdefxJrm 1973 ckepw;kH u r&SwJh tajctaew&yf&Sdaewmudk owdjyKbdk hvdkygvdrfhr,f? tJ'g S Sf d uawmh jynfwGif;rSm trsL;om; 'Drdkua&pD tzGJ hcsKyfw&m;0if wnf&Sdaewmjzpfw,f? tJ'g d tjyif tjcm;ekdifiHa&;ygwDtzGJ htpnf;awG/ vlxktoif;tzGJ hawG tajrmuftrsm;vnf; jynf wGif;rSm bJ pkzJG hvSKyf&Sm;edkif}uwJh taetxm;&Sdw,f? 5 (6) oHCmawmfawG tay: &uf&ufpufpuf eSdyfuGyfcwm vydi;f wcsL bJ &Sdao;w,f? ppftm%m Jh k dh &Sifpepf}uD; oufqdk;&Snfapr,fh zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya' twnfrjzpfa&; udpPrSm oHCmawmfawG [m ta&;ygwJh wcef;wu¾uae yg0ifvmedkifao;w,f? oHCmawmfawGeJ htwl edkifiHa&; t& tpOftjrJwuf}uGedk;}um;jyD; a&S hwef;u ygavh&SdwJh ausmif;om; vli,fawGvnf; tpOf tvmtwdkif; vSKyf&Sm;vm}uOD;rSm rkcsjzpfygw,f? (7) 1973 ckeSpfrSmwHk;uvdk r[kwfbJ urBmwcGifqufoG,faqmif&GufrSK tm;aumif;vmwJh acwf }uD;rSm enf;ynmt&jzpfap/ twwfynmydkif;t&jzpfap/ edkifiHwum&J h tm&HkpdkufrSK/ yHhydk;rSK awG[m [kdacwfueJ hbmrS rqdkifawmhbl;? 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'D enf;wckxJudk a&G; bdk hvJ odwfawmhrvG,fvSyg? jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqENcH,lyGJusif;ywJ henf;eJ h1974 ckeSpf zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk rqv acwfrSm twnfjyK usifhoHk;cJhovdk tckvJ wausmhjyefusifhoHk; bdk h}udK;yrf;vmygw,f? tJonfwHk;u rqv taeeJ hatmifjrifpGm vkyfaqmifedkifcJhwJh tajccH ta}umif;tcsdK h&Sdw,f? (1) 'kwd,urBmppfrwdkifcifrSma&m/ ppftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;}udK;yrf;cJhpOftwGif;rSmyg qdk&S,fvpfpepf tay:xm;&SdcJhwJh vlxku wpHkw&m ajrSmfrSef;csufxm;&SdcJhw,f? 1962 ckeSpf upvdk hAdkvfcsKyf}uD; ae0if;OD;aqmifwJh ppfwyfu tm%modrf;tjyD;aemufydkif; jrefrmhqdk&S,fvpfvrf;pOfygwD wnf axmifcJhwJhtpOD;ydkif;umvrSm vlxk&J htm&Hkudk tawmfrsm;rsm; qGJaqmifedkifcJhw,fvdk hajym& rSmjzpfw,f? tusdL;quftaeeJ h h1974 ckepf zGJ pnf;yHtajccHOya'udk qdk&S,fvpfpepftay: Sh k tajccHwJh zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya' tjzpf odwfjyD; apg'u rwufbJ vufcHcJh}uolawGvJ tawmfrsm;rsm; &SdcJhw,f? 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(3) tqdk;qHk; tcsufuawmh ppftkyfpk xdyfoD;awG[m “jynfvHk;uGswf vlxkqücH,lyGJ” qdkwJh qdkif;bkwfatmufuaejyD; wjynfvHk;udkomru wurBmvHk;udk yg ydyd&d&d eJ hvdrfekdifcJhwm jzpfw,f? 1973 ckeSpfrsm; w0dkuftxdumvrSm edkifiHwumeJ hqufoG,fqufpyfedkifrSK rsm;pGmtm;enf;cJh/ vlxudk,fwdkifuvnf; qENcH,lyGJtawG ht}uHKr&Sd/ b,fvdkwkef hjyef&rSef;rod/ k ppfacgif;aqmifawG[m rqv ygwD ,EW,m;udk pepfwustoHk;csedkifcJhwJh tcgrSm 93% ausmf u axmufcHygw,fvdk hausnmjyD; 1974 zGJ hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk twnfjyKedkifcJhw,f? tckvJ aemufw}udrf 'Denf;udkbJ toHk;csbdk hjyifqifvmjyefygjyD? ordkif;udk wywfjyefjyD;vnfatmif vkyfbdk h}udK;pg;w,fvdk hbJajym&ygvrr,f? 2008 ckeprm jyXmef;vduwJh jynfvHk;uGswfqENcH,lyJG d hf SfS kf qdkif&m Oya'[mvnf; 1973 ckeSpfwHk;u Oya'eJ htm;vHk;eD;yg; wlnDaewmudk awG h&ygw,f? 2010 ckeSpfrSm a&G;aumufyGJusif;yr,fvdk hausnmxm;wJh twGufvnf; 2008 ckeSpf jynfvHk;uGswfqENcH,l yGJrSm etz[m ol h&J hzJG hpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk rjzpfjzpfatmifudk twnfjyKr,fh oabmjzpfygw,f? 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(yk'fr 5 wckvHk;udk qufvufavhvm&ef) Oya' yk'fr (3) yk'frcGJ (*) udk csdL;azgufrSom yk'fr (6) rSm jyXmef;xm;wJh jypf'%fudk pD&ifedkifygvdrfhr,f? yk'fr (3) yk'frcGJ (u) eSifh (c) ygjyXmef;csufawGudk rvdkufem&HkeJ hyk'fr (6) t& jypf'%fpD&ifcGifh r&Sdyg? qdkvdkwmuawmh tJ'D Oya'&J h twdtus oabmt& (zGJ hpnf;cGifh &&ef avSsmufxm;&rnf/ zGJ hpnf;jyD;aemuf &ufaygif; oHk;q,ftwGif; avSsmufxm;&rnf/ ravSsmufxm;ygu yk'fr (6) t& jypf'%fay;edkifonf) qdk jyD; Oya'rSm vHk;0 az:jyxm;wm r&Sdygbl;? yk'frcGJ (3) tyk'f (u) t& toif;tzGJ hrsm;onf zGJ hpnf;cGifh&&ef jynfxJa&; 0ef}uD;Xmeodk havSsmufxm;&rnf qdkwJh jyXmef;csufygwmawmh rSefw,f? 'gayr,fh b,ftzGJ h bJ 43 jzpfjzpf tzGJ hrSeforSs zGJ hpnf;cGifh&bdk havSsmufxm;&r,f? ravSsmufxm;bl;qdk&if jypf'%fpD&ifr,f qdkwJh jyXmef;csufryg&Sdyg? tzGJ hwdkif;zGJ hpnf;cGifh&bdk havSsmufxm;&r,f qdkwJh jyXmef;csufudk xnfhvdk hr&edkifygbl;? bm a}umifhvJ qdkawmh vufawG hrusvdk hjzpfygw,f? b,fedkifiHrSmrSvnf; usifhoHk;vdk hr&ygbl;? zGJ hpnf;cGifh &bdk h cGifhjyKcsufawmif;cHjyD;wJhaemuf cGifhjyKcsufr&bJeJ htoif;tzGJ hudk zGJ hpnf;wm 'grSr[kwf qufvuf&yfwnf vSKyf&Sm;wmawGvkyfrSom yk'fr (3) yk'frcGJ (*) udk csdK;azguf&ma&mufrSm jzpfwJhtwGuf TOya' yk'fr (6) t& jypfrSK ajrmufedkifygw,f? 'ga}umifh apgifh}unfha&; tzGJ hawG zGJ hpnf;vSKyf&Sm;wm[m rSwfyHkwifp&mrvdk/ qENcH,lyGJ&J hvdktyfcsufeJ h tnD jyKrlaqmif&Gufjcif;om jzpfwJh twGuf rnfonfhjypfrSKrSs rajrmufedkifa}umif; oHk;oyfwifjyvdkygw,f? qufvufwifjyvdkonfh ta}umif;t&mrsm; &Sdao;aomfvnf; tcsdeftuef htowfa}umifh 'DrSseJ hbJa}ueyf apvdkygw,f? 44 aemufqufwGJ (1) jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf awmfvSefa&;aumifpD &efukefòrd@/ 1335 ckESpf/ 0gacgifvjynfhausmf (1) &uf (1973 ckESpf/ =o*kwfv (14) &uf? atmufaz:jyygOya'udk xkwfjyefvdkufonf? 1973 ckESpf/ jynfaxmifpkqdk&S,fvpforRwjrefrmEdkifiHawmf zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'rl=urf; twnfjyKa&; jynfvHk; u|wfqENcH,lyGJqdkif&m Oya' (1973 ckESpf/ jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf awmfvSefa&;aumifpD Oya'trSwf 9? ) ed'gef; wdkif;&if;om; vkyfom;jynfolrsm; ar#mfrSef;cJh=uaom om,m0ajymonfh qdk&S,fvpf vl@abmifwnf aqmufEdkifa&;twGuf jynfoltaygif;. qENoabmxm;udk cH,lum ,if;wdk@udk,fwdkifyg0ifI t}uHay;a&;qGJ jcif;ðycJhaom jynfaxmifpkqdk&S,fvpf orRwjrefrmEdkifiHawmf zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'onf wwd,rl=urf;tqifh odk@a&muf&Sd+yD;jzpfayonf? 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(3) aumfrD&Sif qdkonfrSm jynfvHk;u|wf qENcH,lyGJusif;ya&; aumfrD&Sifudk qdkonf? 45 (4) jynfe,f/ odk@r[kwf wdkif;aumfrD&SiftzGJ@cGJ qdkonfrSm jynfvHk;u|wfqENcH,lyGJ usif;ya&; aumfrD&Sif. jynfe,f/ odk@r[kwf wdkif;tzGJ@udk qdkonf? (5) òrd@e,faumfrD&SiftzGJ@cGJ qdkonfrSm jynfvHk;u|wf qENcH,lyGJ usif;ya&;aumfrD&Sif. òrd@e,f tzGJ@cGJudk qdkonf? (6) &yfuGuf/ odk@r[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpk aumfrD&SiftzGJ@cGJ qdkonfrSm jynfvHk;u|wfqENcH,lyGJ usif;ya&;aumfrD&Sif. &yfuGuf/ odk@r[kwf aus;&GmtkyfpktzGJ@cGJudk qdkonf? (7) EdkifiHom; qdkonfrSm udkqdkonf? wnfqJOya't& jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHom;jzpf+yD;olrsm; (8) omoemh0ef;xrf;qdkonfrSm(u) Ak'
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